Raynaud’s Disease | Raynaud’s Syndrome: Symptoms and Causes
Introduction:-
Raynaud disease is a condition in which the small arteries and arterioles causing temporary pallor or cyanosis of digits & change in skin temperature.
Etiology of Raynaud’s Disease:-
the exact cause of Raynaud disease is unknown but believe that some risk factor is responsible for this condition:-
Risk Factor:-
- Hypersensitivity of digital arteries to clot.
- Reduce of serotonin [ Normally release in trauma for vasoconstriction ]
- Congenital predisposition
- Eating disorder [ Anorexia nervosa ]
- Obstructive disorder
Types of Raynaud’s Disease:-
- Primary Raynaud Disease:-The cause of primary Raynaud’s disease is unknown. It is an assertive disorder & rarely leads to impaired tissue perfusion.
- Secondary Raynaud Disease:- It is associated with connective tissue and collagen vascular disorder such as:-
- Scleroderma [ hardening of skin]
- Systemic lupus Erythromatus
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Dermatomyositis [ inflammation of skin]
- Poliomyelitis
Clinical Feature of Raynaud’s Disease:-
- Palor skin become bluish
- Numbness
- Tingling, sensation
- Burning pain
- Cyanosis
- Gangrene formation
{ Note:- Raynaud’s phenomena is used to the localized intermittent episode of vasoconstriction of small arteries of feet and hand }
Management of Raynaud’s Disease:-
- Avoid the particular stimuli such as cold, tobacco, drugs, etc.
- keep hand and feet warm and dry.
- Protecting all parts of the body from cold, and exposure to prevent reflex, symptomatic vasoconstriction of the digits.
- Exposure to cold must be minimized and the patient remains indoor as much as possible.
- Provide protection with less cloth, when it comes out.
- Hat and gloves should be worn at all times when outside.
